Vat Savitri Vrat: A Symbol of Eternal Marital Bliss for Women
According to the Hindu calendar, Vat Savitri Vrat is observed annually on the Amavasya (new moon day) of the Jyeshtha month. This fast is undertaken by married women for the longevity of their husbands. It is believed that observing Vat Savitri Vrat blesses women with eternal marital bliss. On this day, women fast and perform special rituals around the Banyan tree (Vat Vriksha), praying for their husbands’ long lives.
Significance of Vat Savitri Vrat
Vat Savitri Vrat is considered auspicious for granting prosperity and aiding in the fulfillment of progeny desires. In Indian culture, this fast has come to symbolize ideal womanhood. According to the Skanda Purana and the Bhavishyottara Purana, this vrat should be observed on the full moon day of the Shukla Paksha (waxing phase) in the month of Jyeshtha. However, texts like Nirnayamrita mention that it should be observed on the Amavasya of the Jyeshtha month. On this day, worship is offered to Satyavan, Savitri, and Yama (the god of death). The vrat is significant as Savitri, by the virtue of her devotion and the power of this fast, was able to reclaim her deceased husband Satyavan from Yama.
Morning Muhurat for June 6, 2024:
Amavasya Tithi Begins: June 5, 2024, at 7:54 PM
Amavasya Tithi Ends: June 6, 2024, at 6:07 PM
Brahma Muhurta: 4:02 AM to 4:42 AM
Morning Sandhya Puja and Aarti Muhurta: 4:22 AM to 5:23 AM
Vat Savitri Vrat: Rituals and Significance
Rituals of Vat Savitri Vrat
On this auspicious day, all married women perform the Vat Savitri Vrat by adorning themselves with sixteen traditional adornments, known as ‘Solah Shringar’, and worshiping the Banyan tree. This is done to pray for their husband’s long life. According to mythological tales, Savitri, with her unwavering determination and devotion, was able to bring her deceased husband, Satyavan, back to life from Yama (the god of death) on this day. Hence, it is believed that women who perform this vrat like Savitri can protect their husbands from all impending dangers.
On this day, women worship Savitri and Satyavan along with other deities under the Banyan tree, which is why the vrat is named Vat Savitri. The vrat is believed to bestow a blessed and prosperous married life and is also performed for the well-being of the entire family. Savitri not only regained her husband’s life from Yama but also secured blessings for her family’s welfare.
Puja Materials for Vat Savitri Vrat
According to scriptures, the materials used in the Vat Savitri Vrat hold special significance. It is believed that the worship is incomplete without the proper materials. Essential items for the puja include:
- A bamboo fan
- Red or yellow thread
- Incense sticks
- Flowers
- Five types of fruits
- A water-filled vessel
- Vermillion
- A red cloth
Women wake up early in the morning, complete their daily chores, and purify themselves by bathing. They then wear new clothes, perform the ‘Solah Shringar,’ and gather all the puja materials in a basket or plate. After cleaning the area under the Banyan tree, they place the puja items and start the rituals. First, they install the idols of Satyavan and Savitri. They then perform the worship using incense sticks, lamps, roli (red powder), soaked chickpeas, and vermillion.
The women offer the red cloth and fruits, fan the idols with the bamboo fan, and adorn their hair with a Banyan leaf. They then wrap the thread around the tree and circumambulate it as many times as possible, traditionally 3, 5, 7, 11, 21, 51, or 108 times. Finally, they listen to or read the story of Savitri and Satyavan, offer Dakshina (a donation) to the priest if available, and then fan their husbands with the same fan to receive their blessings. They conclude the fast with sweet food in the evening.
The Legend of Vat Savitri Vrat
Madr desh ke raaja ashvapati ne patnee sahit santaan ke lie saavitree devee ka vidhipoorvak vrat tatha poojan karake putree hone ka var praapt kiya. sarvagun sampann devee saavitree ne putree ke roop mein ashvapati ke ghar kanya ke roop mein janm liya. kanya ke yuva hone par ashvapati ne apane mantree ke saath saavitree ko apana pati chunane ke lie bhej diya. saavitree apane man ke anukool var ka chayan kar jab lautee to usee din maharshi naarad unake yahaan padhaare. naaradajee ke poochhane par saavitree ne kaha ki mahaaraaj dyumatsen jinaka raajy har liya gaya hai, jo andhe ho gae hain aur apanee patnee sahit vanon kee khaak chhaanate phir rahe hain, unheen ke ikalaute putr satyavaan kee keerti sunakar unhen mainne pati roop mein varan kar liya hai. naaradajee ne satyavaan tatha saavitree ke grahon kee ganana kar ashvapati ko badhaee dee tatha satyavaan ke gunon kee bhoori−bhoori prashansa kee aur bataaya ki saavitree ke baarah varsh kee aayu hone par satyavaan kee mrtyu ho jaegee. naaradajee kee baat sunakar raaja ashvapati ka chehara murajha gaya. unhonne saavitree se kisee any ko apana pati chunane kee salaah dee parantu saavitree ne uttar diya ki aary kanya hone ke naate jab main satyavaan ka varan kar chukee hoon to ab ve chaahe alpaayu hon ya deerghaayu, main kisee any ko apane hrday mein sthaan nahin de sakatee. saavitree ne naaradajee se satyavaan kee mrtyu ka samay gyaat kar liya. donon ka vivaah ho gaya. saavitree apane shvasur parivaar ke saath jangal mein rahane lagee. naaradajee dvaara bataaye hue din se teen din poorv se hee saavitree ne upavaas shuroo kar diya. naaradajee dvaara nishchit tithi ko jab satyavaan lakadee kaatane jangal ke lie chala to saas−shvasur se aagya lekar vah bhee satyavaan ke saath chal dee. satyavaan jangal mein pahunchakar lakadee kaatane ke lie vrksh par chadha. vrksh par chadhane ke baad usake sir mein bhayankar peeda hone lagee. vah neeche utara. saavitree ne use bad ke ped ke neeche lita kar usaka sir apanee jaangh par rakh liya. dekhate hee dekhate yamaraaj ne brahmaajee ke vidhaan kee rooparekha saavitree ke saamane spasht kee aur satyavaan ke praanon ko lekar chal diye. kaheen−kaheen aisa bhee ullekh milata hai ki vat vrksh ke neeche lete hue satyavaan ko sarp ne dans liya tha. saavitree satyavaan ko vat vrksh ke neeche hee litaakar yamaraaj ke peechhe−peechhe chal dee. peechhe aatee huee saavitree ko yamaraaj ne use laut jaane ka aadesh diya. is par vah bolee mahaaraaj jahaan pati vaheen patnee. yahee dharm hai, yahee maryaada hai. saavitree kee dharm nishtha se prasann hokar yamaraaj bole ki pati ke praanon ke atirikt kuchh bhee maang lo. saavitree ne yamaraaj se saas−shvasur ke aankhon kee jyoti aur deerghaayu maangee. yamaraaj tathaastu kahakar aage badh gae. saavitree yamaraaj ka peechha karatee rahee. yamaraaj ne apane peechhe aatee saavitree se vaapas laut jaane ko kaha to saavitree bolee ki pati ke bina naaree ke jeevan kee koee saarthakata nahin. yamaraaj ne saavitree ke pati vrat dharm se khush hokar punah varadaan maangane ke lie kaha. is baar usane apane shvasur ka raajy vaapas dilaane kee praarthana kee. tathaastu kahakar yamaraaj aage chal diye. saavitree ab bhee yamaraaj ke peechhe chalatee rahee. is baar saavitree ne yamaraaj se sau putron kee maan banane ka varadaan maanga. tathaastu kahakar jab yamaraaj aage badhe to saavitree bolee aapane mujhe sau putron ka varadaan diya hai, par pati ke bina main maan kis prakaar ban sakatee hoon. apana yah teesara varadaan poora keejie. saavitree kee dharmanishtha, gyaan, vivek tatha pativrat dharm kee baat jaanakar yamaraaj ne satyavaan ke praanon ko apane paash se svatantr kar diya. saavitree satyavaan ke praan ko lekar vat vrksh ke neeche pahunchee jahaan satyavaan ka mrt shareer rakha tha. saavitree ne vat vrksh kee parikrama kee to satyavaan jeevit ho utha. prasannachit saavitree apane saas−shvasur ke paas pahunchee to unhen netr jyoti praapt ho gaee. isake baad unaka khoya hua raajy bhee unhen mil gaya. aage chalakar saavitree sau putron kee maan banee. is prakaar chaaron dishaen saavitree ke pativrat dharm ke paalan kee keerti se goonj utheen.
Here are 10 interesting facts about Vat Savitri Vrat that you should know
- Occurs Twice a Year: The Vat Savitri Vrat is observed twice a year. The first observance is on the Amavasya (new moon) of the Jyeshtha month, which falls on June 6, 2024, and the second on the Purnima (full moon) of the same month, which falls on June 21, 2024. In North India, Amavasya is significant, while in South India, Purnima is more important.
- Scriptural References: According to the Skanda Purana and Bhavishya Purana, the Vat Savitri Vrat is traditionally observed on Jyeshtha Shukla Purnima. However, texts like Nirnayamrita suggest observing it on Jyeshtha Krishna Amavasya.
- Different Calendars: India follows two main calendars: Amanta and Purnimanta. The difference lies in the date calculation. According to the Purnimanta calendar, Vat Savitri Vrat is celebrated on Jyeshtha Amavasya (called Vat Savitri Amavasya), while the Amanta calendar celebrates it on Jyeshtha Purnima (called Vat Purnima Vrat).
- Regional Popularity: Vat Savitri Amavasya Vrat is particularly popular in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana, while Vat Purnima Vrat is more prevalent in Maharashtra, Gujarat, and South Indian regions.
- Purpose of the Vrat: Married women observe this fast for the well-being and long life of their husbands. It is believed that this vrat can prevent the untimely death of the husband and ensure the woman remains married throughout her life.
- Worship of the Banyan Tree: During both fasts, women worship the Vat (Banyan) tree and tie threads around it. The Banyan tree is believed to have the power to fulfill all wishes.
- Divine Presence in the Banyan Tree: According to Puranas, the Banyan tree houses the trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh. Therefore, worshipping the Banyan tree on this day brings peace, prosperity, and wealth to the household.
- Common Mythological Story: The underlying mythological story for both observances is the same. The vrat is named after the worship of the Banyan tree and the story of Savitri and Satyavan, making it widely known as Vat Savitri Vrat.
- Listening and Reciting the Tale: Listening to or reciting the story of Sati Savitri is believed to fulfill the desires of married women for a long and prosperous marital life.
- Who Can Observe the Vrat: The vrat can be observed by all kinds of women, including unmarried, married, widowed, those with children, and those without children.
These facts highlight the cultural and spiritual significance of the Vat Savitri Vrat in the Hindu tradition.
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